COHELM

Does your website look legitimate? Trust and security checks

Does the site look and behave like a legitimate business? 27 checks · 8% of the overall score.

Customers and browsers judge legitimacy in seconds: a padlock, a current copyright year, a privacy policy, no scary warnings. Attackers judge it too — exposed configuration files, outdated CMS versions and missing headers are how small-business sites get defaced or used for phishing. This chapter covers both audiences.

The 27 checks

CheckWhy it matters
HTTPSBrowsers mark plain http:// sites “Not secure”.
Certificate validAn expired or mismatched certificate is a full-page browser warning.
Certificate expiryWe warn at 14 days so renewals never lapse.
Modern TLS protocolTLS 1.0/1.1 are deprecated and flagged by browsers and scanners.
HSTSForces HTTPS on repeat visits, preventing downgrade attacks.
Content-Security-PolicyThe strongest defence against injected scripts.
Clickjacking protectionX-Frame-Options / frame-ancestors stops your site being framed by attackers.
X-Content-Type-OptionsPrevents MIME-sniffing attacks; one line to add.
Referrer-PolicyControls what URLs leak to third parties.
Permissions-PolicyRestricts camera, microphone and other powerful features.
No mixed contentHTTP assets on an HTTPS page break the padlock.
Sensitive files not exposed.env, .git, backups and config files must never be publicly readable.
Server software version hiddenVersion banners hand attackers a shopping list.
CMS version hiddenSame principle for WordPress and friends.
WordPress hardeningxmlrpc, user enumeration and readable wp-config are the usual entry points.
jQuery versionOld jQuery carries known XSS vulnerabilities.
Privacy policyLegally required in most jurisdictions and expected by customers.
Terms of serviceSets expectations and protects the business.
Cookie consent bannerRequired where GDPR/CCPA-style laws apply and analytics are used.
Copyright year currentA stale year is the cheapest signal of an abandoned site.
FaviconMissing favicons look unfinished in tabs and search results.
Domain registrationWe read the registry (RDAP) for registrar, creation and expiry.
Registrar transfer lockLocked domains cannot be hijacked by a forged transfer.
DNSSECCryptographically signs DNS answers against spoofing.
CAA recordRestricts which certificate authorities may issue for the domain.
Accessibility statementSignals inclusion and reduces legal exposure.
Lighthouse accessibility & best practicesGoogle's automated accessibility and hygiene audits.

Most common fixes

  1. Add HSTS, X-Content-Type-Options, X-Frame-Options (or CSP frame-ancestors), Referrer-Policy and Permissions-Policy headers — five lines at the host or CDN.
  2. Block public access to .env, .git and backup files; keep the CMS and plugins updated.
  3. Publish a privacy policy and terms page and link them in the footer.
  4. Turn on registrar lock and auto-renew; consider DNSSEC if your DNS host supports it.

Questions

Do security headers affect SEO?

Not directly, but HTTPS does, and the headers protect you from the compromises that get sites flagged by Safe Browsing — which removes you from search results instantly.

Why does my site say Not Secure?

Either there is no TLS certificate, it expired, it is for a different hostname, or the page loads some assets over plain http (mixed content). The Trust chapter identifies which.

Run this check on my site — free